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''Hawaii'' (CB-3)〔''Hawaii'' was never commissioned into the United States Navy; hence she should not be referred to as "USS ''Hawaii''". However, that designation has been included in this article's title to adhere to Wikipedia naming conventions.〕 was originally intended to be the third member of the of large cruisers. She was the first United States Navy ship to be named after the Territory of Hawaii.〔Hawaii was not yet a state at this time; instead, it was an insular area. It joined the Union as the fiftieth state in 1959.〕 Because her construction was delayed by higher-priority ships such as aircraft carriers, her keel was not laid until December 1943, about two years after her sister ship . After her launch on 3 November 1945, ''Hawaii'' began fitting out, but post-war budget cutbacks necessitated the cancellation of the ship on 17 February 1947. For a time it was planned that she would be converted to be the U.S.' first guided missile cruiser, but this did not come to fruition. A conversion to a large command ship was later contemplated; planning went far enough that money was allocated in the 1952 budget for this purpose, but with one () complete and a second () already chosen, no work was started upon ''Hawaii''. Having been laid up for twelve years, the ship was towed to breakers to be scrapped on 20 June 1959. == Design and description== (詳細はcommerce-raiding abilities of German and Japanese ships; the three s, also known as "pocket battleships", the two s, and Japan's large force of both heavy and light cruisers. By the time that they were built, their role had expanded to protect carrier groups. It was thought that the class's bigger guns, greater size and higher speed would give them a marked advantage in this role over heavy cruisers, and they would also provide insurance against reports that Japan was building "super cruisers" more powerful than American cruisers limited by the London Naval Treaty.〔Japan actually developed plans for two of the "super cruisers" in 1941—the Design B-65 cruisers—mostly in response to the new ''Alaska'' ships. They were never ordered due to the greater need for carriers.〕 ''Hawaii'' was long overall and had a beam of and a draft of . She displaced as designed and up to at full combat load. The ship was powered by four General Electric geared steam turbine sets, each driving one propeller, and eight oil-fired Babcock & Wilcox boilers rated at and a top speed of . The ship had a cruising range of at a speed of .〔Gardiner & Chesneau, p. 122〕〔Egan, p. 36〕 She carried four floatplanes, housed in two hangars,〔Garzke & Dulin, p. 182〕 with a pair of aircraft catapults mounted amidships.〔Friedman, p. 303〕 The ship was armed with a main battery of nine 12 inch L/50 Mark 8 guns in three triple gun turrets, two in a superfiring pair forward and one aft of the superstructure.〔L/50 refers to the length of the gun in terms of calibers. An L/50 gun is 50 times long as it is in bore diameter.〕 The secondary battery consisted of twelve 5-inch L/38 dual-purpose guns in six twin turrets. Two were placed on the centerline superfiring over the main battery turrets, fore and aft, and the remaining four turrets were placed on the corners of the superstructure. The light anti-aircraft battery consisted of 56 quad-mounted guns and 34 single-mounted guns.〔 A pair of Mk 34 gun directors aided gunlaying for the main battery, while two Mk 37 directors controlled the 5-inch guns and a Mk 57 director aided the 40 mm guns.〔Friedman, p. 483〕 The main armored belt was thick, while the gun turrets had thick faces. The main armored deck was thick.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「USS Hawaii (CB-3)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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